Description

30mg Oxycodone fent presses

Doctors use Oxycodone to treat moderate to severe pain. Also, they use the extended release formulation for chronic moderate to severe pain requiring continuous opioid analgesics for an extended period.

Pharmacodynamics of oxycodone

Oxycodone acts directly on a number of tissues not related to its analgesic effect. These tissues include the respiratory centre in the brain stem, the cough centre in the medulla and muscles of the pupils. Also, it acts on the gastrointestinal tract, cardiovascular system and endocrine system, and immune system. Oxycodone’s effect on the respiratory centre is dose dependant respiratory depression. Thus, the action on the cough centre is suppression of the cough reflex. Pupils become miopic or decrease in size, peristalsis of the gastrointestinal tract slows, and muscle tone in the colon may increase causing constipation.

The cardiovascular system releases histamine leading to pruritis, red eyes, flushing, sweating, and decreased blood pressure. Endocrine effects of oxycodone may include increased prolactin, decreased cortisol, and decreased testosterone. However, scientists don’t yet know if the effects of opioids on the immune system are clinically significant.

Mechanism of action

Scientists have not discover the full mechanism of oxycodone. Under conditions of inflammation or hyperalgesia, opioid receptors in the heart, lungs, liver, gastrointestinal tract, and reproductive system are upregulated and transported to nerve terminals. Oxycodone and its active metabolites, noroxycodone, oxymorphone, and noroxymorphone are opioid agonists. These compounds passively diffuse across the blood brain barrier or may be actively transported across by an unknown mechanism. Oxycodone and its active metabolites can selectively bind to the mu opioid receptor. Also, they bind to the kappa and delta opioid receptors in the central nervous system and periphery, and induce a G protein coupled receptor signaling pathway. However, activation of mu opioid receptors inhibits N-type voltage operated calcium channels, inhibiting responses to pain.

Route of elimination

Urine eliminates oxycodone and its metabolites. However, unbound noroxycodone makes up 23% of the dose recovered in urine and oxymorphone makes up <1%. Also, conjugated oxymorphone makes up 10% of the recovered dose. Free and conjugated oxycodone makes up 8.9% of the recovered dose, noroxymorphone makes up 14%, and reduced metabolites make up 18%.